package Text::PDF::File; =head1 NAME Text::PDF::File - Holds the trailers and cross-reference tables for a PDF file =head1 SYNOPSIS $p = Text::PDF::File->open("filename.pdf", 1); $p->new_obj($obj_ref); $p->free_obj($obj_ref); $p->append_file; $p->close_file; $p->release; # IMPORTANT! =head1 DESCRIPTION This class keeps track of the directory aspects of a PDF file. There are two parts to the directory: the main directory object which is the parent to all other objects and a chain of cross-reference tables and corresponding trailer dictionaries starting with the main directory object. =head1 INSTANCE VARIABLES Within this class hierarchy, rather than making everything visible via methods, which would be a lot of work, there are various instance variables which are accessible via associative array referencing. To distinguish instance variables from content variables (which may come from the PDF content itself), each such variable will start with a space. Variables which do not start with a space directly reflect elements in a PDF dictionary. In the case of a Text::PDF::File, the elements reflect those in the trailer dictionary. Since some variables are not designed for class users to access, variables are marked in the documentation with (R) to indicate that such an entry should only be used as read-only information. (P) indicates that the information is private and not designed for user use at all, but is included in the documentation for completeness and to ensure that nobody else tries to use it. =over =item newroot This variable allows the user to create a new root entry to occur in the trailer dictionary which is output when the file is written or appended. If you wish to over-ride the root element in the dictionary you have, use this entry to indicate that without losing the current Root entry. Notice that newroot should point to a PDF level object and not just to a dictionary which does not have object status. =item INFILE (R) Contains the filehandle used to read this information into this PDF directory. Is an IO object. =item fname (R) This is the filename which is reflected by INFILE, or the original IO object passed in. =item update (R) This indicates that the read file has been opened for update and that at some point, $p->appendfile() can be called to update the file with the changes that have been made to the memory representation. =item maxobj (R) Contains the first useable object number above any that have already appeared in the file so far. =item outlist (P) This is a list of Objind which are to be output when the next appendfile or outfile occurs. =item firstfree (P) Contains the first free object in the free object list. Free objects are removed from the front of the list and added to the end. =item lastfree (P) Contains the last free object in the free list. It may be the same as the firstfree if there is only one free object. =item objcache (P) All objects are held in the cache to ensure that a system only has one occurrence of each object. In effect, the objind class acts as a container type class to hold the PDF object structure and it would be unfortunate if there were two identical place-holders floating around a system. =item epos (P) The end location of the read-file. =back Each trailer dictionary contains a number of private instance variables which hold the chain together. =over =item loc (P) Contains the location of the start of the cross-reference table preceding the trailer. =item xref (P) Contains an anonymous array of each cross-reference table entry. =item prev (P) A reference to the previous table. Note this differs from the Prev entry which is in PDF which contains the location of the previous cross-reference table. =back =head1 METHODS =cut use strict; no strict "refs"; use vars qw($cr $irreg_char $reg_char $ws_char $delim_char %types $VERSION); # no warnings qw(uninitialized); use IO::File; # Now for the basic PDF types use Text::PDF::Utils; use Text::PDF::Array; use Text::PDF::Bool; use Text::PDF::Dict; use Text::PDF::Name; use Text::PDF::Number; use Text::PDF::Objind; use Text::PDF::String; use Text::PDF::Page; use Text::PDF::Pages; use Text::PDF::Null; $VERSION = "0.27"; # MJPH 15-MAY-2006 Fix minor bug in Pages.pm #$VERSION = "0.26"; # MJPH 19-MAY-2005 Get a release out! #$VERSION = "0.25"; # MJPH 20-JAN-2003 fix realised in read_obj x y R, fix Text::PDF::Pages::add_page #$VERSION = "0.24"; # MJPH 28-AUG-2002 out_obj may call new_obj #$VERSION = "0.23"; # MJPH 14-AUG-2002 Fix MANIFEST #$VERSION = "0.22"; # MJPH 26-JUL-2002 Add Text::PDF::File::copy, tidy up update(), sort out out_trailer # Fix to not remove string final CRs when reading dictionaries #$VERSION = "0.21"; # GJ 8-JUN-2002 Tidy up regexps, add Text::PDF::Null #$VERSION = "0.20"; # MJPH 27-APR-2002 $trailer->{'Size'} becomes max num objects, fix line end problem, # remove warnings, update release code #$VERSION = "0.19"; # MJPH 5-FEB-2002 fix hex keys and ASCII85 filter #$VERSION = "0.18"; # MJPH 1-DEC-2001 add encryption hooks #$VERSION = "0.17"; # GST 18-JUL-2001 Handle \) in strings and tidy up endobj handling, no uninitialized warnings #$VERSION = "0.16"; # GST 18-JUL-2001 Major performance tweaks #$VERSION = "0.15"; # GST 30-MAY-2001 Memory leaks fixed #$VERSION = "0.14"; # MJPH 2-MAY-2001 More little bug fixes, added read_objnum #$VERSION = "0.13"; # MJPH 23-MAR-2001 General bug fix release #$VERSION = "0.12"; # MJPH 29-JUL-2000 Add font subsetting, random page insertion #$VERSION = "0.11"; # MJPH 18-JUL-2000 Add pdfstamp.plx and more debugging #$VERSION = "0.10"; # MJPH 27-JUN-2000 Tidy up some bugs - names #$VERSION = "0.09"; # MJPH 31-MAR-2000 Copy trailer dictionary properly #$VERSION = "0.08"; # MJPH 07-FEB-2000 Add null element #$VERSION = "0.07"; # MJPH 01-DEC-1999 Debug for pdfbklt #$VERSION = "0.06"; # MJPH 11-SEP-1999 Sort out unixisms #$VERSION = "0.05"; # MJPH 9-SEP-1999 Add ship_out #$VERSION = "0.04"; # MJPH 14-JUL-1999 Correct paths for tarball release #$VERSION = "0.03"; # MJPH 14-JUL-1999 Correct paths for tarball release #$VERSION = "0.02"; # MJPH 30-JUN-1999 Transfer from old library BEGIN { my ($t, $type); $ws_char = '[ \t\r\n\f\0]'; $delim_char = '[][<>{}()/%]'; $reg_char = '[^][<>{}()/% \t\r\n\f\0]'; $irreg_char = '[][<>{}()/% \t\r\n\f\0]'; $cr = "$ws_char*(?:\015|\012|(?:\015\012))"; %types = ( 'Page' => 'Text::PDF::Page', 'Pages' => 'Text::PDF::Pages' ); foreach $type (keys %types) { $t = $types{$type}; $t =~ s|::|/|og; require "$t.pm"; } } =head2 Text::PDF::File->new Creates a new, empty file object which can act as the host to other PDF objects. Since there is no file associated with this object, it is assumed that the object is created in readiness for creating a new PDF file. =cut sub new { my ($class, $root) = @_; my ($self) = $class->_new; unless ($root) { $root = PDFDict(); $root->{'Type'} = PDFName("Catalog"); } $self->new_obj($root); $self->{'Root'} = $root; $self; } =head2 $p = Text::PDF::File->open($filename, $update) Opens the file and reads all the trailers and cross reference tables to build a complete directory of objects. $update specifies whether this file is being opened for updating and editing, or simply to be read. $filename may be an IO object =cut sub open { my ($class, $fname, $update) = @_; my ($self, $buf, $xpos, $end, $tdict, $k); my ($fh); $self = $class->_new; if (ref $fname) { $self->{' INFILE'} = $fname; $fh = $fname; } else { $fh = IO::File->new(($update ? "+" : "") . "<$fname") || return undef; $self->{' INFILE'} = $fh; } binmode $fh; if ($update) { $self->{' update'} = 1; $self->{' OUTFILE'} = $fh; $self->{' fname'} = $fname; } $fh->read($buf, 255); if ($buf !~ m/^\%pdf\-1\.(\d)\s*$cr/moi) { die "$fname not a PDF file version 1.x"; } else { $self->{' Version'} = $1; } $fh->seek(0, 2); # go to end of file $end = $fh->tell(); $self->{' epos'} = $end; if (!$fh->seek(($end > 1024 ? $end - 1024 : 0, 0))) { die "Seek failed when reading PDF file $fname"; } $fh->read($buf, 1024); if ($buf !~ m/startxref$cr([0-9]+)$cr\%\%eof.*?$/oi) { die "Malformed PDF file $fname"; } $xpos = $1; $tdict = $self->readxrtr($xpos, $self); foreach $k (keys %{$tdict}) { $self->{$k} = $tdict->{$k}; } return $self; } =head2 $p->release() Releases ALL of the memory used by the PDF document and all of its component objects. After calling this method, do B expect to have anything left in the C object (so if you need to save, be sure to do it before calling this method). B, that it is important that you call this method on any C object when you wish to destruct it and free up its memory. Internally, PDF files have an enormous number of cross-references and this causes circular references within the internal data structures. Calling 'C' forces a brute-force cleanup of the data structures, freeing up all of the memory. Once you've called this method, though, don't expect to be able to do anything else with the C object; it'll have B internal state whatsoever. B As part of the brute-force cleanup done here, this method will throw a warning message whenever unexpected key values are found within the C object. This is done to help ensure that any unexpected and unfreed values are brought to your attention so that you can bug us to keep the module updated properly; otherwise the potential for memory leaks due to dangling circular references will exist. =cut sub release { my ($self, $force) = @_; my (@tofree); # delete stuff that we know we can, here if ($force) { foreach my $key (keys %{$self}) { push(@tofree,$self->{$key}); $self->{$key}=undef; delete($self->{$key}); } } else { @tofree = map { delete $self->{$_} } keys %{$self}; } while (my $item = shift @tofree) { my $ref = ref($item); if (UNIVERSAL::can($item, 'release')) { $item->release($force); } elsif ($ref eq 'ARRAY') { push( @tofree, @{$item} ); } elsif (UNIVERSAL::isa($ref, 'HASH')) { release($item, $force); } } # check that everything has gone - it better had! foreach my $key (keys %{$self}) { warn ref($self) . " still has '$key' key left after release.\n"; } } =head2 $p->append_file() Appends the objects for output to the read file and then appends the appropriate tale. =cut sub append_file { my ($self) = @_; my ($tdict, $fh, $t); return undef unless ($self->{' update'}); $fh = $self->{' INFILE'}; if ($self->{' version'} > $self->{' Version'}) { $fh->seek(0,0); $fh->print("%PDF-1.$self->{' version'}\n"); } $tdict = PDFDict(); $tdict->{'Prev'} = PDFNum($self->{' loc'}); $tdict->{'Info'} = $self->{'Info'}; if (defined $self->{' newroot'}) { $tdict->{'Root'} = $self->{' newroot'}; } else { $tdict->{'Root'} = $self->{'Root'}; } $tdict->{'Size'} = $self->{'Size'}; # added v0.09 foreach $t (grep ($_ !~ m/^[\s\-]/o, keys %$self)) { $tdict->{$t} = $self->{$t} unless defined $tdict->{$t}; } $fh->seek($self->{' epos'}, 0); $self->out_trailer($tdict, $self->{' update'}); close($self->{' OUTFILE'}); } =head2 $p->out_file($fname) Writes a PDF file to a file of the given filename based on the current list of objects to be output. It creates the trailer dictionary based on information in $self. $fname may be an IO object; =cut sub out_file { my ($self, $fname) = @_; $self->create_file($fname); $self->close_file; $self; } =head2 $p->create_file($fname) Creates a new output file (no check is made of an existing open file) of the given filename or IO object. Note, make sure that $p->{' version'} is set correctly before calling this function. =cut sub create_file { my ($self, $fname) = @_; my ($fh); $self->{' fname'} = $fname; if (ref $fname) { $fh = $fname; } else { $fh = IO::File->new(">$fname") || die "Unable to open $fname for writing"; binmode $fh; } $self->{' OUTFILE'} = $fh; $fh->print('%PDF-1.' . ($self->{' version'} || '2') . "\n"); $fh->print("%Ēģ¢\n"); # and some binary stuff in a comment $self; } =head2 $p->close_file Closes up the open file for output by outputting the trailer etc. =cut sub close_file { my ($self) = @_; my ($fh, $tdict, $t); $tdict = PDFDict(); $tdict->{'Info'} = $self->{'Info'} if defined $self->{'Info'}; $tdict->{'Root'} = (defined $self->{' newroot'} and $self->{' newroot'} ne "") ? $self->{' newroot'} : $self->{'Root'}; # remove all freed objects from the outlist, AND the outlist_cache if not updating # NO! Don't do that thing! In fact, let out_trailer do the opposite! $tdict->{'Size'} = $self->{'Size'} || PDFNum(1); $tdict->{'Prev'} = PDFNum($self->{' loc'}) if ($self->{' loc'}); if ($self->{' update'}) { foreach $t (grep ($_ !~ m/^[\s\-]/o, keys %$self)) { $tdict->{$t} = $self->{$t} unless defined $tdict->{$t}; } $fh = $self->{' INFILE'}; $fh->seek($self->{' epos'}, 0); } $self->out_trailer($tdict, $self->{' update'}); close($self->{' OUTFILE'}); MacPerl::SetFileInfo("CARO", "TEXT", $self->{' fname'}) if ($^O eq "MacOS" && !ref($self->{' fname'})); $self; } =head2 ($value, $str) = $p->readval($str, %opts) Reads a PDF value from the current position in the file. If $str is too short then read some more from the current location in the file until the whole object is read. This is a recursive call which may slurp in a whole big stream (unprocessed). Returns the recursive data structure read and also the current $str that has been read from the file. =cut sub readval { my ($self, $str, %opts) = @_; my ($fh) = $self->{' INFILE'}; my ($res, $key, $value, $k); $str = update($fh, $str); if ($str =~ m/^<>/o) { if ($str =~ s|^/($reg_char+)||o) { $k = Text::PDF::Name::name_to_string ($1, $self); ($value, $str) = $self->readval($str, %opts); $res->{$k} = $value; } $str = update($fh, $str); # thanks gareth.jones@stud.man.ac.uk } $str =~ s/^>>//o; $str = update($fh, $str); # streams can't be followed by a lone carriage-return. if (($str =~ s/^stream(?:(?:\015\012)|\012)//o) && ($res->{'Length'}->val != 0)) # stream { $k = $res->{'Length'}->val; $res->{' streamsrc'} = $fh; $res->{' streamloc'} = $fh->tell - length($str); unless ($opts{'nostreams'}) { if ($k > length($str)) { $value = $str; $k -= length($str); read ($fh, $str, $k + 11); # slurp the whole stream! } else { $value = ''; } $value .= substr($str, 0, $k); $res->{' stream'} = $value; $res->{' nofilt'} = 1; $str = update($fh, $str); $str =~ s/^endstream//o; } } if (defined $res->{'Type'} && defined $types{$res->{'Type'}->val}) { bless $res, $types{$res->{'Type'}->val}; $res->init($self); } # gdj: FIXME: if any of the ws chars were crs, then the whole # string might not have been read. } elsif ($str =~ m/^([0-9]+)$ws_char+([0-9]+)$ws_char+R/so) # objind { $k = $1; $value = $2; $str =~ s/^([0-9]+)$ws_char+([0-9]+)$ws_char+R//so; unless ($res = $self->test_obj($k, $value)) { $res = Text::PDF::Objind->new(); $res->{' objnum'} = $k; $res->{' objgen'} = $value; $res->{' realised'} = 0; $res->{' parent'} = $self; $self->add_obj($res, $k, $value); } # gdj: FIXME: if any of the ws chars were crs, then the whole # string might not have been read. } elsif ($str =~ m/^([0-9]+)$ws_char+([0-9]+)$ws_char+obj/so) # object data { my ($obj); $k = $1; $value = $2; $str =~ s/^([0-9]+)$ws_char+([0-9]+)$ws_char+obj//so; ($obj, $str) = $self->readval($str, %opts, 'objnum' => $k, 'objgen' => $value); if ($res = $self->test_obj($k, $value)) { $res->merge($obj); } else { $res = $obj; $self->add_obj($res, $k, $value); $res->{' realised'} = 1; } $str = update($fh, $str); # thanks to kundrat@kundrat.sk $str =~ s/^endobj//o; } elsif ($str =~ m|^/($reg_char+)|so) # name { # " <- Fix colourization $value = $1; $str =~ s|^/($reg_char+)||so; $res = Text::PDF::Name->from_pdf($value, $self); } elsif ($str =~ m/^\(/o) # literal string { $str =~ s/^\(//o; # We now need to find an unbalanced, unescaped right-paren. # This can't be done with regexps. my ($value) = ""; # The current level of nesting, when this reaches 0 we have finished. my ($nested) = 1; while (1) { # Remove everything up to the first (possibly escaped) paren. $str =~ /^((?:[^\\()]|\\[^()])*)(.*)/so; $value .= $1; $str = $2; if ($str =~ /^(\\[()])/o) { # An escaped paren. This would be tricky to do with # the regexp above (it's very difficult to be certain # that all cases are covered so I think it's better to # deal with them explicitly). $str = substr ($str, 2); $value = $value . $1; } elsif ($str =~ /^\)/o) { # Right paren $nested--; $str = substr ($str, 1); if ($nested == 0) { last; } $value = $value . ')'; } elsif ($str =~ /^\(/o) { # Left paren $nested++; $str = substr ($str, 1); $value = $value . '('; } else { # No parens, we must read more. We don't use update # because we don't want to remove whitespace or # comments. $fh->read($str, 255, length($str)) or die "Unterminated string."; } } $res = Text::PDF::String->from_pdf($value); } elsif ($str =~ m/^read($str, 255, length($str)) while (0 > index( $str, '>' )); ($value, $str) = ($str =~ /^(.*?)>(.*?)$/so); $res = Text::PDF::String->from_pdf("<" . $value . ">"); } elsif ($str =~ m/^\[/o) # array { $str =~ s/^\[//o; $str = update($fh, $str); $res = PDFArray(); while ($str !~ m/^\]/o) { ($value, $str) = $self->readval($str, %opts); $res->add_elements($value); } $str =~ s/^\]//o; } elsif ($str =~ m/^(true|false)$irreg_char/o) # boolean { $value = $1; $str =~ s/^(?:true|false)//o; $res = Text::PDF::Bool->from_pdf($value); } elsif ($str =~ m/^([+-.0-9]+)$irreg_char/o) # number { $value = $1; $str =~ s/^([+-.0-9]+)//o; $res = Text::PDF::Number->from_pdf($value); } elsif ($str =~ m/^null$irreg_char/o) { $str =~ s/^null//o; $res = Text::PDF::Null->new; } else { die "Can't parse `$str' near " . ($fh->tell()) . " length " . length($str) . "."; } $str =~ s/^$ws_char*//os; return ($res, $str); } =head2 $ref = $p->read_obj($objind, %opts) Given an indirect object reference, locate it and read the object returning the read in object. =cut sub read_obj { my ($self, $objind, %opts) = @_; my ($loc, $res, $str, $oldloc); # return ($objind) if $self->{' objects'}{$objind->uid}; $res = $self->read_objnum($objind->{' objnum'}, $objind->{' objgen'}, %opts) || return undef; $objind->merge($res) unless ($objind eq $res); return $objind; } =head2 $ref = $p->read_objnum($num, $gen, %opts) Returns a fully read object of given number and generation in this file =cut sub read_objnum { my ($self, $num, $gen, %opts) = @_; my ($res, $loc, $str, $oldloc); $loc = $self->locate_obj($num, $gen) || return undef; $oldloc = $self->{' INFILE'}->tell; $self->{' INFILE'}->seek($loc, 0); ($res, $str) = $self->readval('', %opts, 'objnum' => $num, 'objgen' => $gen); $self->{' INFILE'}->seek($oldloc, 0); $res; } =head2 $objind = $p->new_obj($obj) Creates a new, free object reference based on free space in the cross reference chain. If nothing free then thinks up a new number. If $obj then turns that object into this new object rather than returning a new object. =cut sub new_obj { my ($self, $base) = @_; my ($res); my ($tdict, $i, $ni, $ng); return $base if ($base->is_obj($self)); if (defined $self->{' free'} and scalar @{$self->{' free'}} > 0) { $res = shift(@{$self->{' free'}}); if (defined $base) { my ($num, $gen) = @{$self->{' objects'}{$res->uid}}; $self->remove_obj($res); $self->add_obj($base, $num, $gen); return $self->out_obj($base); } else { $self->{' objects'}{$res->uid}[2] = 0; return $res; } } $tdict = $self; while (defined $tdict) { $i = $tdict->{' xref'}{defined($i)?$i:''}[0]; while (defined $i and $i != 0) { ($ni, $ng) = @{$tdict->{' xref'}{$i}}; if (!defined $self->locate_obj($i, $ng)) { if (defined $base) { $self->add_obj($base, $i, $ng); return $base; } else { $res = $self->test_obj($i, $ng) || $self->add_obj(Text::PDF::Objind->new(), $i, $ng); $tdict->{' xref'}{$i}[0] = $tdict->{' xref'}{$i}[0]; $self->out_obj($res); return $res; } } $i = $ni; } $tdict = $tdict->{' prev'}; } $i = $self->{' maxobj'}++; if (defined $base) { $self->add_obj($base, $i, 0); $self->out_obj($base); return $base; } else { $res = $self->add_obj(Text::PDF::Objind->new(), $i, 0); $self->out_obj($res); return $res; } } =head2 $p->out_obj($objind) Indicates that the given object reference should appear in the output xref table whether with data or freed. =cut sub out_obj { my ($self, $obj) = @_; # don't add objects that aren't real objects! if (!defined $self->{' objects'}{$obj->uid}) { return $self->new_obj($obj); } # This is why we've been keeping the outlist CACHE around; to speed # up this method by orders of magnitude (it saves up from having to # grep the full outlist each time through as we'll just do a lookup # in the hash) (which is super-fast). elsif (!exists $self->{' outlist_cache'}{$obj->uid}) { push( @{$self->{' outlist'}}, $obj ); $self->{' outlist_cache'}{$obj->uid}++; } $obj; } =head2 $p->free_obj($objind) Marks an object reference for output as being freed. =cut sub free_obj { my ($self, $obj) = @_; push(@{$self->{' free'}}, $obj); $self->{' objects'}{$obj->uid}[2] = 1; $self->out_obj($obj); } =head2 $p->remove_obj($objind) Removes the object from all places where we might remember it =cut sub remove_obj { my ($self, $objind) = @_; # who says it has to be fast delete $self->{' objects'}{$objind->uid}; delete $self->{' outlist_cache'}{$objind->uid}; delete $self->{' printed_cache'}{$objind}; @{$self->{' outlist'}} = grep($_ ne $objind, @{$self->{' outlist'}}); @{$self->{' printed'}} = grep($_ ne $objind, @{$self->{' printed'}}); $self->{' objcache'}{$objind->{' objnum'}, $objind->{' objgen'}} = undef if ($self->{' objcache'}{$objind->{' objnum'}, $objind->{' objgen'}} eq $objind); $self; } =head2 $p->ship_out(@objects) Ships the given objects (or all objects for output if @objects is empty) to the currently open output file (assuming there is one). Freed objects are not shipped, and once an object is shipped it is switched such that this file becomes its source and it will not be shipped again unless out_obj is called again. Notice that a shipped out object can be re-output or even freed, but that it will not cause the data already output to be changed. =cut sub ship_out { my ($self, @objs) = @_; my ($n, $fh, $objind, $i, $j); my ($objnum, $objgen); return unless defined($fh = $self->{' OUTFILE'}); seek($fh, 0, 2); # go to the end of the file @objs = @{$self->{' outlist'}} unless (scalar @objs > 0); foreach $objind (@objs) { next unless $objind->is_obj($self); $j = -1; for ($i = 0; $i < scalar @{$self->{' outlist'}}; $i++) { if ($self->{' outlist'}[$i] eq $objind) { $j = $i; last; } } next if ($j < 0); splice(@{$self->{' outlist'}}, $j, 1); delete $self->{' outlist_cache'}{$objind->uid}; next if grep {$_ eq $objind} @{$self->{' free'}}; $self->{' locs'}{$objind->uid} = $fh->tell; ($objnum, $objgen) = @{$self->{' objects'}{$objind->uid}}[0..1]; $fh->printf("%d %d obj\n", $objnum, $objgen); $objind->outobjdeep($fh, $self, 'objnum' => $objnum, 'objgen' => $objgen); $fh->print("\nendobj\n"); # Note that we've output this obj, not forgetting to update the cache # of whats printed. unless (exists $self->{' printed_cache'}{$objind}) { push( @{$self->{' printed'}}, $objind ); $self->{' printed_cache'}{$objind}++; } } $self; } =head2 $p->copy($outpdf, \&filter) Iterates over every object in the file reading the object, calling filter with the object and outputting the result. if filter is not defined, then just copies input to output. =cut sub copy { my ($self, $out, $filt) = @_; my ($tdict, $i, $nl, $ng, $nt, $res, $obj, $minl, $mini, $ming); foreach $i (grep (!m/^[\s\-]/o, keys %{$self})) { $out->{$i} = $self->{$i} unless defined $out->{$i}; } $tdict = $self; while (defined $tdict) { foreach $i (sort {$a <=> $b} keys %{$tdict->{' xref'}}) { ($nl, $ng, $nt) = @{$tdict->{' xref'}{$i}}; next unless $nt eq 'n'; if ($nl < $minl || $mini == 0) { $mini = $i; $ming = $ng; $minl = $nl; } unless ($obj = $self->test_obj($i, $ng)) { $obj = Text::PDF::Objind->new(); $obj->{' objnum'} = $i; $obj->{' objgen'} = $ng; $self->add_obj($obj, $i, $ng); $obj->{' parent'} = $self; $obj->{' realised'} = 0; } $obj->realise; $res = defined $filt ? &{$filt}($obj) : $obj; $out->new_obj($res) unless (!$res || $res->is_obj($out)); } $tdict = $tdict->{' prev'}; } # test for linearized and remove it from output $obj = $self->test_obj($mini, $ming); if ($obj->isa('Text::PDF::Dict') && $obj->{'Linearized'}) { $out->free_obj($obj); } $self; } =head1 PRIVATE METHODS & FUNCTIONS The following methods and functions are considered private to this class. This does not mean you cannot use them if you have a need, just that they aren't really designed for users of this class. =head2 $offset = $p->locate_obj($num, $gen) Returns a file offset to the object asked for by following the chain of cross reference tables until it finds the one you want. =cut sub locate_obj { my ($self, $num, $gen) = @_; my ($tdict, $ref); $tdict = $self; while (defined $tdict) { if (ref $tdict->{' xref'}{$num}) { $ref = $tdict->{' xref'}{$num}; if ($ref->[1] == $gen) { return $ref->[0] if ($ref->[2] eq "n"); return undef; # if $ref->[2] eq "f" } } $tdict = $tdict->{' prev'} } return undef; } =head2 update($fh, $str) Keeps reading $fh for more data to ensure that $str has at least a line full for C to work on. At this point we also take the opportunity to ignore comments. =cut sub update { my ($fh, $str) = @_; $str =~ s/^$ws_char*//o; while ($str !~ m/$cr/o && !$fh->eof) { $fh->read($str, 255, length($str)); $str =~ s/^$ws_char*//so; while ($str =~ m/^\%/o) { $fh->read($str, 255, length($str)) while ($str !~ m/$cr/o && !$fh->eof); $str =~ s/^\%(.*)$cr$ws_char*//so; } } return $str; } =head2 $objind = $p->test_obj($num, $gen) Tests the cache to see whether an object reference (which may or may not have been getobj()ed) has been cached. Returns it if it has. =cut sub test_obj { $_[0]->{' objcache'}{$_[1], $_[2]}; } =head2 $p->add_obj($objind) Adds the given object to the internal object cache. =cut sub add_obj { my ($self, $obj, $num, $gen) = @_; $self->{' objcache'}{$num, $gen} = $obj; $self->{' objects'}{$obj->uid} = [$num, $gen]; return $obj; } =head2 $tdict = $p->readxrtr($xpos) Recursive function which reads each of the cross-reference and trailer tables in turn until there are no more. Returns a dictionary corresponding to the trailer chain. Each trailer also includes the corresponding cross-reference table. The structure of the xref private element in a trailer dictionary is of an anonymous hash of cross reference elements by object number. Each element consists of an array of 3 elements corresponding to the three elements read in [location, generation number, free or used]. See the PDF Specification for details. =cut sub readxrtr { my ($self, $xpos) = @_; my ($tdict, $xlist, $buf, $xmin, $xnum, $fh, $xdiff); $fh = $self->{' INFILE'}; $fh->seek($xpos, 0); $fh->read($buf, 22); if ($buf !~ m/^xref$cr/oi) { die "Malformed xref in PDF file $self->{' fname'}"; } $buf =~ s/^xref$cr//oi; $xlist = {}; while ($buf =~ m/^([0-9]+)$ws_char+([0-9]+)$cr(.*?)$/so) { $xmin = $1; $xnum = $2; $buf = $3; $xdiff = length($buf); $fh->read($buf, 20 * $xnum - $xdiff + 15, $xdiff); while ($xnum-- > 0 && $buf =~ s/^0*([0-9]*)$ws_char+0*([0-9]+)$ws_char+([nf])$cr//o) { $xlist->{$xmin++} = [$1, $2, $3]; } } if ($buf !~ /^trailer$cr/oi) { die "Malformed trailer in PDF file $self->{' fname'} at " . ($fh->tell - length($buf)); } $buf =~ s/^trailer$cr//oi; ($tdict, $buf) = $self->readval($buf); $tdict->{' loc'} = $xpos; $tdict->{' xref'} = $xlist; $self->{' maxobj'} = $xmin if $xmin > $self->{' maxobj'}; $tdict->{' prev'} = $self->readxrtr($tdict->{'Prev'}->val) if (defined $tdict->{'Prev'} && $tdict->{'Prev'}->val != 0); return $tdict; } =head2 $p->out_trailer($tdict) Outputs the body and trailer for a PDF file by outputting all the objects in the ' outlist' and then outputting a xref table for those objects and any freed ones. It then outputs the trailing dictionary and the trailer code. =cut sub out_trailer { my ($self, $tdict, $update) = @_; my ($objind, $j, $i, $iend, @xreflist, $first, $k, $xref, $tloc, @freelist); my (%locs, $size); my ($fh) = $self->{' OUTFILE'}; while (@{$self->{' outlist'}}) { $self->ship_out; } # foreach $objind (@{$self->{' outlist'}}) # { # next if ($self->{' objects'}{$objind->uid}[2]); # $locs{$objind->uid} = $fh->tell; # $fh->printf("%d %d obj\n", @{$self->{' objects'}{$objind->uid}}[0..1]); # $objind->outobjdeep($fh, $self); # $fh->print("\nendobj\n"); # } # $size = @{$self->{' printed'}} + @{$self->{' free'}}; # $tdict->{'Size'} = PDFNum($tdict->{'Size'}->val + $size); # PDFSpec 1.3 says for /Size: (Required) Total number of entries in the file’s # cross-reference table, including the original table and all updates. Which # is what the previous two lines implement. # But this seems to make Acrobat croak on saving so we try the following from # basil.duval@epfl.ch $tdict->{'Size'} = PDFNum($self->{' maxobj'}); $tloc = $fh->tell; $fh->print("xref\n"); @xreflist = sort {$self->{' objects'}{$a->uid}[0] <=> $self->{' objects'}{$b->uid}[0]} (@{$self->{' printed'}}, @{$self->{' free'}}); unless ($update) { $i = 1; for ($j = 0; $j < @xreflist; $j++) { my (@inserts); $k = $xreflist[$j]; while ($i < $self->{' objects'}{$k->uid}[0]) { my ($n) = Text::PDF::Objind->new(); $self->add_obj($n, $i, 0); $self->free_obj($n); push(@inserts, $n); $i++; } splice(@xreflist, $j, 0, @inserts); $j += @inserts; $i++; } } @freelist = sort {$self->{' objects'}{$a->uid}[0] <=> $self->{' objects'}{$b->uid}[0]} @{$self->{' free'}}; $j = 0; $first = -1; $k = 0; for ($i = 0; $i <= $#xreflist + 1; $i++) { # if ($i == 0) # { # $first = $i; $j = $xreflist[0]->{' objnum'}; # $fh->printf("0 1\n%010d 65535 f \n", $ff); # } if ($i > $#xreflist || $self->{' objects'}{$xreflist[$i]->uid}[0] != $j + 1) { $fh->print(($first == -1 ? "0 " : "$self->{' objects'}{$xreflist[$first]->uid}[0] ") . ($i - $first) . "\n"); if ($first == -1) { $fh->printf("%010d 65535 f \n", defined $freelist[$k] ? $self->{' objects'}{$freelist[$k]->uid}[0] : 0); $first = 0; } for ($j = $first; $j < $i; $j++) { $xref = $xreflist[$j]; if (defined $freelist[$k] && defined $xref && "$freelist[$k]" eq "$xref") { $k++; $fh->print(pack("A10AA5A4", sprintf("%010d", (defined $freelist[$k] ? $self->{' objects'}{$freelist[$k]->uid}[0] : 0)), " ", sprintf("%05d", $self->{' objects'}{$xref->uid}[1] + 1), " f \n")); } else { $fh->print(pack("A10AA5A4", sprintf("%010d", $self->{' locs'}{$xref->uid}), " ", sprintf("%05d", $self->{' objects'}{$xref->uid}[1]), " n \n")); } } $first = $i; $j = $self->{' objects'}{$xreflist[$i]->uid}[0] if ($i < scalar @xreflist); } else { $j++; } } $fh->print("trailer\n"); $tdict->outobjdeep($fh, $self); $fh->print("\nstartxref\n$tloc\n" . '%%EOF' . "\n"); } =head2 Text::PDF::File->_new Creates a very empty PDF file object (used by new and open) =cut sub _new { my ($class) = @_; my ($self) = {}; bless $self, $class; $self->{' outlist'} = []; $self->{' outlist_cache'} = {}; # A cache of whats in the 'outlist' $self->{' maxobj'} = 1; $self->{' objcache'} = {}; $self->{' objects'} = {}; $self; } 1; =head1 AUTHOR Martin Hosken Martin_Hosken@sil.org Copyright Martin Hosken 1999 and onwards No warranty or expression of effectiveness, least of all regarding anyone's safety, is implied in this software or documentation. =head2 Licensing This Perl Text::PDF module is licensed under the Perl Artistic License.